Here's a brief history from Wikipedia:
In 1968, Dr. Spencer Silver, a scientist at 3M in the United States, with the help of Jesse Kops, a fellow scientist, accidentally developed a "low-tack," reusable pressure sensitive adhesive.[1] For five years, Silver promoted his invention within 3M, both informally and through seminars, but without much success. In 1974, a colleague of his, Art Fry, who had attended one of Silver's seminars, came up with the idea of using the adhesive to anchor his bookmark in his hymnbook.[2][3] Fry then developed the idea by taking advantage of 3M's officially sanctioned "permitted bootlegging" policy.[3] 3M launched the product in 1977, but it failed as consumers had not tried the product.[4] A year later 3M issued free samples to residents of Boise, Idaho, United States. 90 percent of people who tried them said that they would buy the product. By 1980, the product was being sold nationwide in the US;[4] a year later Post-its were launched in Canada and Europe.[5]
The yellow colour was chosen by accident; a lab next-door to the Post-it team had scrap yellow paper, which the team initially used.[7]
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